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<message 
  url="2003/11/885b32addf1eb9719d8a07a920a5ab60"
  from="Eric Dahlman &lt;edahlman@a...&gt;"
  author="Eric Dahlman"
  date="2003-11-13T15:49:11"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode"
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<thread subject="RE: [Caml-list] Efficient and canonical set representation?">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/da696d358ae593a66f88c4f96053e5dc"
  from="Fred Smith &lt;fsmith@m...&gt;"
  author="Fred Smith"
  date="2003-11-07T17:27:29"
  subject="RE: [Caml-list] Efficient and canonical set representation?">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/a3a5477ee398828c88f87b617b2a8e9c"
  from="Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons &lt;Diego.FERNANDEZ_PONS@e...&gt;"
  author="Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons"
  date="2003-11-10T13:25:44"
  subject="RE: [Caml-list] Efficient and canonical set representation?">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/603ddddaea687d117252cafb1331d223"
  from="Christophe Raffalli &lt;Christophe.Raffalli@u...&gt;"
  author="Christophe Raffalli"
  date="2003-11-10T13:48:33"
  subject="[Caml-list] Rounding mode">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/e929b20f0d1d60fa83a3e258b722b56f"
  from="Eric Dahlman &lt;edahlman@a...&gt;"
  author="Eric Dahlman"
  date="2003-11-10T14:11:20"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/961e47bf02647ab3211df3fef8af0162"
  from="Brian Hurt &lt;bhurt@s...&gt;"
  author="Brian Hurt"
  date="2003-11-10T17:04:22"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/78956daed31d6bd15ea553616f84bd1a"
  from="Eric Dahlman &lt;edahlman@a...&gt;"
  author="Eric Dahlman"
  date="2003-11-10T20:36:35"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/8e821ea8fec9431d896c85e2f2a14314"
  from="Brian Hurt &lt;bhurt@s...&gt;"
  author="Brian Hurt"
  date="2003-11-10T22:10:21"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/41e94f145d604f09aacb6c4947bc279a"
  from="Xavier Leroy &lt;xavier.leroy@i...&gt;"
  author="Xavier Leroy"
  date="2003-11-17T21:15:15"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
</msg>
</msg>
<msg 
  url="2003/11/0d75e2b6062f10b09f156d8ac6fd7586"
  from="Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons &lt;Diego.FERNANDEZ_PONS@e...&gt;"
  author="Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons"
  date="2003-11-12T17:20:58"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/885b32addf1eb9719d8a07a920a5ab60"
  from="Eric Dahlman &lt;edahlman@a...&gt;"
  author="Eric Dahlman"
  date="2003-11-13T15:49:11"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
</msg>
<msg 
  url="2003/11/653fcdcc6b26a352eb994c594097f7c2"
  from="Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons &lt;Diego.FERNANDEZ_PONS@e...&gt;"
  author="Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons"
  date="2003-11-17T17:04:31"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
</msg>
</msg>
</msg>
</msg>
<msg 
  url="2003/11/775b1eba6ee2960fe6c3b44a4d7b1e87"
  from="Christophe Raffalli &lt;christophe.raffalli@u...&gt;"
  author="Christophe Raffalli"
  date="2003-11-10T20:22:39"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode">
</msg>
</msg>
<msg 
  url="2003/11/7d8ad9863510e4c4d81cecb131ca3ceb"
  from="Christophe Raffalli &lt;Christophe.Raffalli@u...&gt;"
  author="Christophe Raffalli"
  date="2003-11-12T15:35:05"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode + extended">
<msg 
  url="2003/11/22994e899a0946856c984ad66f2c32d8"
  from="Xavier Leroy &lt;xavier.leroy@i...&gt;"
  author="Xavier Leroy"
  date="2003-11-13T17:35:42"
  subject="Re: [Caml-list] Rounding mode + extended">
</msg>
</msg>
</msg>
<msg 
  url="2003/11/d73e097c37835a027c40bfb469a54199"
  from="Julien Signoles &lt;Julien.Signoles@l...&gt;"
  author="Julien Signoles"
  date="2003-11-10T19:49:21"
  subject="RE: [Caml-list] Efficient and canonical set representation?">
</msg>
</msg>
</msg>
</thread>

<contents>
Hi Diego,

I looked at that page thanks a bunch!  That was just what I was hoping 
for and it answered many of my questions.

-Eric


Diego Olivier Fernandez Pons wrote:

&gt;     Bonjour,
&gt; 
&gt; 
&gt;&gt;Somewhat off topic but why is this necessary from a numerical math
&gt;&gt;type of perspective. I am honestly curious as I don't see how this
&gt;&gt;would interact with the calculation in a meaningful way.
&gt; 
&gt; 
&gt; You are right when you say that there are many sources of errors in
&gt; numerical computations and that rounding errors are usually
&gt; insignificant with respect to them.
&gt; 
&gt; The point is that stochastic arithmetic (and its deterministic variant
&gt; interval arithmetic) are useful to find where the accurancy of your
&gt; computation is falling drastically (e.g. cancellations)
&gt; 
&gt; I really haven't the place to explain extensively how CESTAC works but
&gt; there are a few explanations in the ANP website
&gt; 
&gt;    http://anp.lip6.fr/cadna/Accueil.php
&gt; 
&gt; (CADNA for C/C++ source codes, user's guide. Chapter 4. Survey of the
&gt; CESTAC method. Many examples also on the homepages).
&gt; 
&gt; The main idea is that in a first order approximation, the number of
&gt; significant digits of a result can be estimated with respects to the
&gt; dispersion of the different values it can take using several rounding
&gt; modes.
&gt; 
&gt; Then, you can avoid doing unstable computations like dividing by a
&gt; small number (epsilon) very noised which makes you believe it is a
&gt; good 'pivot' in a gaussian resolution, etc. The whole computation will
&gt; then give a more accurate value.
&gt; 
&gt; The website gives an example where usual gauss method finds
&gt; 
&gt;    x1 = 60 x2 = - 8.9 x3 = 0.0 and x4 = 1.0
&gt; 
&gt; when you estimate the errors, you find
&gt; 
&gt;    x1 = 1.0 x2 = 1.0 x3 = 0.1 e-07 and x4 = 1.0
&gt; 
&gt; exact values are
&gt; 
&gt;    x1 = 1 x2 = 1 x3 = 0.1 e-07 x4 = 1
&gt; 
&gt; The difference is only due to a 'bad' pivot succesfully detected and
&gt; therefore avoided.
&gt; 
&gt; 
&gt;         Diego Olivier
&gt; 
&gt; 
&gt; -------------------
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